Explanation: The government would not consider the location of the company when evaluating a claim that complying with ADA regulations would constitute an undue hardship. The government does issue some exceptions to the ADA in cases where compliance would significantly impair a business' viability. However, the precise location of the business should not have any effect.

Explanation: In many cases, the human resources professional is responsible for acting as a kind of median between the company and its employees. In organizations, the role of the human resources professional is somewhat more specific; the HR professional is expected to encourage employees in their strengths and when necessary, help employees in building their strengths. Answer choice A is incorrect. While the HR professional's responsibility is related to change in organizations, it cannot produce definitive change if the need is too great. Answer choice C can be correct in the greater sense of the HR professional's job, but is not specific enough for the HR professional's responsibility within organizations. Similarly, answer choices D and E relate to the HR professional's job description but not within organizations.

Explanation: One of the primary changes that occurred in the 2006 Pension Protection Act (PPA) is that employers may automatically enroll employees in a 401(k) plan and employees have to choose to opt out. The lowered age limit for vesting was reflected in the Retirement Equity Act (REA) of 1984. The higher income tax applied to part of the pension plan was reflected in the Unemployment Compensation Amendments of 1992. The Economic Growth and Tax Relief Reconciliation Act (EGTERRA) of 2001 enabled employees over the age of 50 to increase their catchup contributions.

Explanation: The Workforce Investment Act combined over seventy federal education and training programs into block grants that could be administered by the states. This act was passed in 1998 with the intention of giving state and local authorities more control over the delivery of federal resources. The act declares that funds should be concentrated on youth, adults, and the displaced, but the precise targeting of these resources is left to local groups in cooperation with representatives from the private sector.

Explanation: Bates v. United Parcel Service (2006) is the most relevant case to Phil's situation. The ruling in this case established that the company bears the burden of proving that a standard is necessary, even if the candidate is otherwise unqualified. Phil could cite this case to force the employer to justify its standard.