D (4: HTTPS traffic to an external IP - 5.29.1.5)
The log entry shows an internal system (172.16.1.30) communicating with an external IP (5.29.1.5) over TCP 443 (HTTPS) using Browser.exe.
HTTPS traffic to an unknown external IP could indicate data exfiltration, as attackers often use encrypted channels to disguise stolen data transfers.
G (7: FTP traffic to an external backup server - bank.backup.com)
The log entry indicates that an internal machine (172.16.1.25) is transferring data to bank.backup.com using FTP (port 21) and FileZilla.
FTP is a major concern because it is an outdated, unencrypted protocol that can be exploited for data exfiltration. If unauthorized, this could be a serious data breach.
Other Options:
A (ARP traffic) → Not a concern (Just address resolution)
B (RPC Kerberos traffic) → Normal for authentication
C (SMB traffic) → Internal file sharing
**E (DNS traffic) → Common, though could be exfiltration in some cases, but not in this log) F (WUS traffic) → Appears to be Windows Update Service traffic, likely legitimate

SOAR stands for Security Orchestration, Automation and Response, which is a set of features that can help security teams manage, prioritize and respond to security incidents more efficiently and effectively. SOAR can help decrease the workload without increasing staff by automating repetitive tasks, streamlining workflows, integrating different tools and platforms, and providing actionable insights and recommendations. SOAR is also one of the current trends that CompTIA CySA+ covers in its exam objectives. Official Reference:
https://www.comptia.org/blog/the-new-comptia-cybersecurity-analyst-your-questions-answered
https://www.comptia.org/certifications/cybersecurity-analyst
https://partners.comptia.org/docs/default-source/resources/comptia-cysa-cs0-002-exam-objectives

Comprehensive and Detailed Step-by-Step The logs indicate that the OWASP DirBuster tool is being used. This tool is designed for directory brute-forcing to find hidden files or directories on a web server, which aligns with reconnaissance activities. The series of GET and HEAD requests further confirm directory and file enumeration attempts.
Reference:
CompTIA CySA+ Study Guide (Chapter 4: Reconnaissance Techniques)
CompTIA CySA+ Objectives (Domain 1.3 Tools and Techniques)

Data masking is a technique that replaces sensitive data with fictitious or anonymized data, while preserving the original format and structure of the data. This way, the data can be used for testing purposes without revealing the actual Pll information. Data masking is one of the best practices for data analysis of confidential data1. References: CompTIA CySA+ CS0-003 Certification Study Guide, page 343; Best Practices for Data Analysis of Confidential Data

A web application firewall (WAF) is a tool that can protect web servers from attacks such as SQL injection, cross-site scripting, and other web-based threats. A WAF can filter, monitor, and block malicious HTTP traffic before it reaches the web server. A WAF can also be configured with rules and policies to detect and prevent specific types of attacks.